
Joseph Castledine
1911 - scholar.
- Family History
- Military history
- Extra information
- Photographs
Joseph was the son of Joseph Castledine and his second wife, Mary Ann (née Kerry).
Joseph snr. (b. 1860, Somercotes, Derbyshire) was the son of Thomas Castledine and his second wife Elizabeth (née Stevens). Thomas married four times, first to Martha Colston/Coulston at Whatton St John in January 1846 by whom he had three sons, William, Edwin and Isiah born 1852 who died in childhood. Thomas married secondly Elizabeth Stevens in September 1856 at Sandiacre St Giles, and they had two sons, James Henry and Joseph. Elizabeth died in 1862 and her widower married Hannah Whitworth in April 1863 (Riddings St James, Derbyshire). Following Hannah's death in 1871, Thomas married Martha Treice in 1873. Thomas died in 1903 and his widow Martha in 1916.
Joseph had been living in Alfreton with his father, stepmother Hannah, and half-brothers Edwin and James in 1871 but by 1881 was living at Bostquet Farm, Sandiacre, with his widowed maternal grandfather, James Stevens, a retired farmer. Joseph was employed as a general domestic servant.
Joseph married Harriet Smith at Crich St Mary in 1889. They had three children, Laurence (Smith) who was born the year before their marriage, Mabel b. 1890 and Harriet Gladys b. 1893 (bap July 1893). Joseph, Harriet and their children, Laurence and Mabel, were living in Blackwell, Mansfield, in 1891. Harriet died aged 35 in 1893 (death registered in the second quarter) the year their third child, Harriet Gladys, was born. Joseph married Mary Ann Kerry (b. 1864) at Wilford St Wilfrid in February the following year. The couple had four children: Ada b. 1895 and Florence b. 1896 (d. 1898, Croydon) whose births were registered in Mansfield, Nottinghamshire, and Thomas b. 1898 and Joseph b. 1899 who were born in West Croydon, Surrey. Both sons were baptised at Croydon Christ Church, Joseph on 19 February 1899.
Joseph snr, a brickworks labourer, and Mary Ann were living on Thornton Road, Croydon, in 1901 with two of his three children by his first marriage, Mabel and Gladys, and their three surviving children, Ada, Thomas and Joseph. Joseph's eldest son, Laurence (Smith) was living in Crich, Derbyshire, with his maternal aunt Hannah Gretton (née Smith) and her husband Benjamin, a farmer.
Joseph snr. died in 1903 (reg. Burton upon Trent), and his widow Mary Ann, a charwoman, was living at Rupert Grove, Middle Furlong Road, Meadows, Nottingham, in 1911. Also in the household were her stepdaughter Mabel and her three surviving children, Ada, a shop assistant (confectionary), Thomas, an errand boy (stationers), and Joseph who was school age. Also in the home on the night of the census were four visitors, her sister Ada Castledine (b. 1874, née Kerry formerly Winfield), the second wife of William Castledine (b. 1874), their daughter Gladys and Ada's stepdaughters, Bertha and Mary Ellen Castledine.
Mary Ann Castledine was living at 36 White Road, Nottingham Road, Basford, in 1921. Also in the home were her daughter Ada, a cigarette packer, son Thomas, a cigarette machine operator, both of whom worked for John Player and Sons, and a visitor, Margaret Ann Newstead, who married Thomas the following year.
Mary Ann later moved to 61 Scotland Road, Old Basford, where she died on 4 May 1929.
Her son Thomas, his wife and their daughter Margaret were living at the same address at the time the 1939 England & Wales Register was compiled; Thomas was still employed as a cigarette machine operator but was also serving in the Auxialiary Fire Service. Thomas's sister, Ada, who was also still working for John Player & Sons, was living on Fox Road, Nottingham; she died in 1955.
Joseph enlisted in Nottingham. Given his date of birth (1899), it is unlikely that he enlisted before the spring of 1917, and probably joined the Machine Gun Corps following basic training.
His death in action was accepted as having occurred on 17 April 1918. It is likely that he was killed in the days following the Battle of Rosieres, 26-27 March. Joseph has no known grave and is commemorated on the Tyne Cot Memorial (Panel 154-159 and 163A), Belgium.
He qualified for the British War Medal and Victory Medal.
History of the Machine Gun Corps:
'The machine gun dominated trench warfare. Within a few months, it became clear that a new specialist unit was needed to further develop machine-gun tactics while also training more men in the weapon's use. The Machine Gun Corps (MGC) was established in October 1915 [by Royal Warrant, 14 October] by subsuming the battalion Maxim/Vickers machine-gun sections from all infantry regiments. The withdrawn heavy machine guns were replaced by light Lewis machine guns that could be used by all troops.' www.nam.ac.uk/explore/machine-gun-corps
'The pace of reorganisation depended largely on the rate of supply of the Lewis guns but it was completed before the Battle of the Somme in 1916. A Base Depot for the corps in France was established at Camiers. A Machine Gun Training Centre was also established at Belton Park and a camp nearby at Harrowby, both near Grantham in Lincolnshire in England.' www.longlongtrail.co.uk/army/regiments-and-corps/machine-gun-corps-in-the-first-world-war/
According to the Vickers machine gun blog (vickersmg.blog), 'The 49th Machine Gun Company disembarked at Le Havre on 26 April 1916 and joined the 49th Brigade on 29 April 1916. It may have absorbed machine gunners from the Machine Gun Sections of the listed infantry battalions. As a unit of the 16th (Irish) Division during this period, it may have taken part in the following battles and engagements in 1917: 7-9 June Battle of Messines. 7 June Capture of Wytschaete. Battle of Ypres 31 July-2 August Battle of Pilckem Ridges, 16-18 August Battle of Langemarck and 20 November attack north of Bullecourt. By 9 March 1918, it [49th Coy] was amalgamated with the 47th, 48th, and 269th Machine Gun Companies to form No. 16 Battalion, Machine Gun Corps ... The Division took part in the following actions in 1918: 21 to 23 March Battle of St. Quentin [VII Corps, Fifth Army] and 26 and 27 March Battle of Rosieres [XIX Corps, Fifth Army]. Between the 21st March and 3rd April the 16th Division had 7,149 casualties. Except the artillery and the machine guns, where were left to cover the 14th Division, the 16th Division was relieved by the 3rd April, and on the 4th April the Division concentrated in the Hallencourt West Area.'
'The Battalion was broken up 8 May 1918 and troops reallocated'
(www.longlongtrail.co.uk/companies-of-the-machine-gun-corps-infantry)
CWGC: 'Son of Mary A. and the late Joseph Castledine, of 36, White Rd., Old Basford, Nottingham.'
Registers of Soldiers' Effects: his widowed mother, Mary Ann Castledine, was his legatee.
Probate: Castledine Mary Ann of 61 Scotland-road Old Basford Nottinghamshire widow died 4 May 1929 Administration Nottingham 15 June to Thomas Castledine cigarette make. Effect £256 11s. 8d.